Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian political ideology and movement that emerged in early 20th-century Europe, particularly in Italy under Benito Mussolini and later in Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler.
The term “fascism” is derived from the Italian word fascio, meaning a bundle or group, symbolizing strength through unity. It is characterized by its emphasis on nationalism, dictatorial power, suppression of dissent, and the merging of state and corporate interests.
Historical Origins and Development
Emergence in Italy (1919–1922)
Fascism first appeared in Italy after World War I. Economic instability, fear of socialism, and dissatisfaction with the Treaty of Versailles fueled Benito Mussolini’s rise. Mussolini established the National Fascist Party in 1921 and seized power in 1922 after the “March on Rome.
“Rise of Nazism in Germany (1933–1945)
Adolf Hitler adapted fascism into Nazism, emphasizing Aryan racial supremacy and anti-Semitism. The Treaty of Versailles, economic depression, and widespread unemployment created fertile ground for Nazi ideology. Hitler became Chancellor in 1933, transforming Germany into a totalitarian state.
Global Spread
Fascism inspired similar movements worldwide, including Francisco Franco’s regime in Spain, António Salazar’s Portugal, Japan, etc.
Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian political ideology and movement
that emerged in early 20th-century Europe, particularly in Italy under
Benito Mussolini and later in Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler. The term
“fascism” is derived from the Italian word fascio, meaning a bundle or
group, symbolizing strength through unity. It is characterized by its
emphasis on nationalism, dictatorial power, suppression of dissent, and
the merging of state and corporate interests.
